Flying salt spray and hurricane-force winds changed the green islands of the Caribbean to brown in Hurricane Irma’s wake, new satellite photos reveal.

The storm hit the Caribbean last week with the full force of its Category 5 winds. Irma devastated islands like Barbuda and St. Martin, and killed at least 33 people.

Now that the clouds are starting to part, it’s possible to see the damage from above with satellites. The contrast before and after the storm is stark, NASA’s Earth Observatory reveals. Islands with verdant landscapes at the end of August were left brown and barren by the hurricane.

Why did the islands turn brown? It’s possible that the hurricane’s winds snatched and tore at the islands’ plant life, leaving the bare ground more exposed to the satellite’s camera, Kathryn Hansen writes for NASA’s Earth Observatory. Salt spray kicked up by the storm might have also dried out leaves still on the branch, turning them brown.

 Image: NASA Earth Observatory

The island Virgin Gorda, above, was snapped by the Landsat 8 satellite, which was developed by NASA and the US Geological Survey. The color of the ocean looks brighter and bluer after the storm, possibly because the choppy waters are better at scattering light, Hansen writes.

 Photo: NASA Earth Observatory

The small, 68-square-mile island of Barbuda, above, was hit especially hard by the Category 5 hurricane. Gaston Browne, prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda, called the destruction “heart-wrenching.” About 95 percent of the structures on the island have been damaged, Time reports. The road to recovery will be difficult — that’s obvious, even from space.